Transformer for electric arc cutting, repairing, and welding apparatus



PatentedY Mar. 1, 1927.

I l A 51,619,629 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FREDERICK C. OWEN, OFFAYETTEVILIIE, NORTH CAROLINA.

TRANSFOBMER FOR` ELECTRIC ARC CFTTIN G, REPAIRING, WELDING APPARATUS.

application med November 19, 1925. sei-m1 no.' 70,084.

stated which will prevent the-work of one,

operator from interfering with that of another and which will permiteachl operator to readily maintain a uniform arc of high power factor.,f

AA stillV further object of the' invention is the provision of atransformer of the character stated-Which will be so wound andconstructed-as to obviate the necessity of the use of fans or othermechanical cooling means and the .use of flux diverters, damping devicesor manually operated resistances .or reactances for regulating thecurrent and potential in the primary and secondary windings. l

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists ofthe novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafterv fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing, wherein:

The figure 'is a 'diagrammatic view of an alternating current electricarc cutting, re-

pairing and welding apparatus embodying a transformer constructedV inaccordance with my invention.

. to the spectlvely.

, The transformer embodies a core 1 which is of elongated rectangularformation and laminated construction and which embodies longitudinallegs 2 and 3 and transverse legs 4. y

The primary winding of the transformer comprises coils Y5 which aremounted on the legs 3 between the legs 4 and '.coils 6 which are mountedon the legs 4. The coils 5.a1e connected in series by wires 7, and thecoils 6 are connected in series with the coils 5 by wires 8. Leads 9, 10and 11 which extend wer circuit, are connectedA to the coils 6 y wires12, 13 and`14, and 15, re-

The secondary windings of the transformer each comprises a main orvoltage regulating coil 16 and an auxiliary or current regulating coil17 connected in series by a wire 18. The main or `voltage regulatingcoils 16 are mounted on the leg 3 between the legs 4, and the auxiliary'or cur- .i

rentV regulating coils 17 are mounted on the leg 2 between the legs 4.Each of the mainA or voltage regulating coils 16 is connected by a lead19 to the work 20 which is to be cut, repaired or welded. Each of theauxiliary or current regulating coils 17 is provided with taps 21 anyone of which Vis adapted' to be connected by a lead 22l to the cutting,repairing or welding electrode 23.

. The core 1 provides a plurality of closed flux' paths. Current flowingthrough the coils 5 and 6, constituting the primary winding, tends tocause a magnetic iiux to circulate through each of the Vpaths'providedtherefor by the core 1. Practically all the flux developed b v theprimary winding will thread the main or Vvoltage regulating coils 16ofthe secondary windings, because of the close association of thesecoils with the coils 5 and 6- of the primary winding, and iux in thoseparts of the core 1 aboutwhich the coils 5 and 6 of the primary windingextend remains` substantially constant at all loads. As the result, thevoltage generated in the main secondary coils 16 likewise remainspractically the same at all times, and does not vary 'with the load.

The auxiliary or current regulating coils 17 of the secondary winding,however, being remote from the primary winding, tend to set up a iluxindependent of and opposed to that generated by the primary winding.Owing tothe location of 'these coils, the secondary flux is confinedsubstantially to the leg 2 of the core 1, while the primary flux alonethreads the legs 3 and 4. The opposing iuxes meet in the leg 2 in theneighborhood of the juncture of the legs 4 therewith, and, as a result,a substantial amount of flux is forced out of the closed metallic 'pathsinto the air,or, in other words, a very noticeable iiux leakage takesplace inthe leg 2 at points adjacent to 'or in alinement with the legs4. The larger the current drawn from the sendal'yv winding, the greaterthe ux 1 becomes. Y

As a 'result of such leakage, a heavy secondary flux causes the coil 11of each secondary winding to develop high inductance,

and act as ian impedance coil, so that the phase of the voltage in thispart of each sec- 'ondary winding is shifted. It will thus be understoodthat when current flows through action between these voltages ism suchthat there 1s induced, 1n the secondary circuit 1n-` cluding the Workand electrode, a light cur- -rent at light load anda heavy current atheavy load, with the result that a stable arc of high'power factor maybe readily maintained during overhead, vertical and horizontal cutting,welding or repairing of steel, wrought iron, cast iron, malleable iron,aluminum,l brass, bronze,. copper and other alloy metals. fromysputtering and spitting, and it has been found that a skilled operatorcan maintain an arc within one and one-half-per cent plus or minusof therated capacity of the tap with which the electrode is connected. It hasalso been found that the work being done by one'operator will not in anyway prevent another `or others from maintaining a uniformare of highpower factor.

What is claimed is 1. A transformer comprising longitudinal andtransverse legs, a primary winding distributed about one of thelongitudinal and tne transverselegs, and a pluralitvl of independent.secondary windings distributed about the longitudinal legs.'

v2. A transformer comprising a core having longitudinal and transverselegs, a primary winding distributed about one of the longitudinal andthe transverse legs, a plurality of independent secondary windings eachconsisting of a main coil and auxiliary coils on the longitudinal leg.

- 3. A transformer comprising a core having longltudlnal and transverselegs, a primary winding comprisingV coils distributed the transverselegs andconnected in series -and coils 'distributed vabout theltransverse about one of the longitudinal legs between legs and connectedin series with' the first namedcoils, and secondary windings distributedaboutV the longitudinal legs and-each consisting ofa' pair of'coils.connected in series. Y A

4.'Atransformer comprising a core, a prim winding on a part only of thecore, andv a plurality of independent secondarywindon the core and eachembodying a maincoll closely associated with the primary Furthermore,the arc is freeA ary windings on the core and each enibodyl ing a maincoil closely associated with the primary winding and an auxiliary coilremote from the-primary winding.

7. A transformer comprising a core' providing a plurality .of closedmagnetic paths, a primary winding on a part only of the core, and aplurality of vindependent secondary windings on different parts of thecore and each embodying a main coil closely associated with the primarywinding and an winding. A v

8. A transformer comprising a core hav- .ing a plurality oflongitudinally extending legs and a plurality of intermediate legsconnecting said firstmamed legs, a primarywinding comprising coilsdistributed about one of the longitudinal legs between the inotermediatelegs and connected in series, said winding also comprising coilsdistributed about' the intermediate legs and connected in series withthe first named coils, and a plurality of independent secondary windingseach embodying a main coil closely associated'with the primary windingand a auxiliary coil remote from the primary winding, the coils of eachsecondary winding being positioned on the longitudinal legs of'thc corebetween a pair Y of intermediate legs thereof.

auxiliary coil remote from the primary 9. A transformer comprising acore having Va nlurality `of longitudinally extending legs and aplurality of intermediate legs connecting said -first named legs, aprimary winding distributed about one o f'the longitudinal and theintermediate legs, and a pluralityof independentsecondary windings eachconsisting of amain coil closely asso- Y ciated with the primary windingand an" auxiliary coil on the other longitudinal leg ofthe core. Y Y, 1

Irl/.testimony whereof I affix my signature. FREDERICK C( OWEN.

